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Whole-genome assembly and analysis of a medicinal fungus: Inonotus hispidus
Shaojun Tang1, Lei Jin1, Pin Lei1
1Hunan Institute of Microbiology, Changsha, China.
Abstract:
Inonotus hispidus (I. hispidus) is a medicinal macrofungus that plays a key role in anti-tumor and antioxidant functions. To further understand and enhance the value of I. hispidus, we performed whole-genome sequencing and an analysis of its strain for the first time. I. hispidus was sequenced using the Illumina NovaSeq high-throughput sequencing platform. The genome length was 35,688,031 bp and 30 contigs, with an average length of 1,189,601.03 bp. Moreover, database alignment annotated 402 CAZyme genes and 93 functional genes involved in regulating secondary metabolites in the I. hispidus genome to find the greatest number of genes involved in terpenes in that genome, thus providing a theoretical basis for its medicinal value. Finally, the phylogenetic analysis and comparative genomic analysis of single-copy orthologous protein genes from other fungi in the same family were conducted; it was found that I. hispidus and Sanghuangporus baumii have high homology. Our results can be used to screen candidate genes for the nutritional utilization of I. hispidus and the development of high-yielding and high-quality I. hispidus via genetic means.
Insights
This study presents the first whole-genome sequencing of the medicinal macrofungus Inonotus hispidus. Analysis revealed key genes for medicinal properties, offering a basis for genetic improvement of this valuable fungus.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Genomics
- Medicinal Mushrooms
Background:
- Inonotus hispidus (I. hispidus) is a macrofungus recognized for its medicinal properties, including anti-tumor and antioxidant activities.
- Understanding the genetic makeup of I. hispidus is crucial for unlocking its full therapeutic and commercial potential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To perform whole-genome sequencing and analysis of I. hispidus for the first time.
- To identify genes related to medicinal functions, particularly those involved in secondary metabolite production.
- To conduct phylogenetic and comparative genomic analyses to understand its evolutionary relationships.
Main Methods:
- Whole-genome sequencing using the Illumina NovaSeq platform.
- Bioinformatic analysis including gene annotation for carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and secondary metabolite pathways.
- Phylogenetic and comparative genomic analyses using single-copy orthologous protein genes.
Main Results:
- The genome of I. hispidus was sequenced, yielding 35,688,031 bp across 30 contigs.
- Annotation identified 402 CAZyme genes and 93 genes involved in secondary metabolite regulation, with a notable abundance of terpene-related genes.
- Phylogenetic analysis indicated high homology between I. hispidus and Sanghuangporus baumii.
Conclusions:
- The genomic data provides a foundation for understanding the medicinal value of I. hispidus, especially its terpene biosynthesis pathways.
- The findings support the screening of candidate genes for improving nutritional value and developing high-yield, high-quality I. hispidus strains through genetic engineering.
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