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Factors Affecting Stunting in Children under 5 Years of Age in Indonesia using Spatial Model

Zurnila Marli Kesuma1, Latifah Rahayu Siregar2, Edy Fradinata3

  • 1Associate Professor, Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Indonesia.

Indian Journal of Public Health
|September 23, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Childhood stunting in Indonesia is linked to malnutrition and Vitamin A intake. Spatial panel data analysis identified key factors influencing stunting rates among children under five.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Spatial Statistics

Background:

  • Childhood stunting is defined as length/height below -2 standard deviations of Indonesian growth standards for children under five.
  • Chronic malnutrition during the first 1000 days of life is a primary cause of stunting.
  • Spatial panel data methods address issues with spatially and temporally measured data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the optimal spatial panel data model for analyzing stunting in Indonesian children under five.
  • To determine the significant factors influencing stunting prevalence in this demographic.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Indonesian national data from 2015-2019.
  • Compared spatial autoregressive and spatial error models (SEM) with random effects.
  • Selected the best model based on the highest value and lowest Akaike Information Criterion (AIC).

Main Results:

  • The SEM random effect model was determined to be the most suitable.
  • This model effectively identified significant factors contributing to stunting.

Conclusions:

  • Malnutrition, Vitamin A supplementation, and per capita food expenditure significantly impact stunting rates.
  • The SEM random effect model provides valuable insights into the spatial and temporal dynamics of childhood stunting in Indonesia.
Abstract

Keywords:
Spatial error model random effectspatial panel datastunting

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