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Development of myopia in laser-treated ROP infants: prematurity or laser photocoagulation?

Eşay Kıran Yenice1, Caner Kara2

  • 1Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Maternity and Women's Health Teaching and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Varlık Mahallesi Etlik Caddesi, No: 55 Keçiören/ Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey. esay_kiran@hotmail.com.

International Ophthalmology
|September 23, 2022
PubMed

Insights

The number of laser spots and stage 3 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) significantly correlate with myopia in preterm infants treated with laser photocoagulation (LPC). These findings highlight key factors influencing refractive outcomes after ROP treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Medicine

Background:

  • Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a significant cause of visual impairment in preterm infants.
  • Laser photocoagulation (LPC) is a common treatment for ROP, but its long-term effects on refractive error are not fully understood.
  • Understanding factors influencing refractive outcomes is crucial for optimizing ROP management and predicting visual prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between corrected 1-year-old refraction values and risk factors in preterm infants treated with LPC for ROP.
  • To identify specific clinical parameters associated with refractive outcomes following ROP treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective evaluation of ophthalmic examination findings in preterm neonates with Type I ROP who received LPC therapy.
  • Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to assess the association between spherical equivalent (SE) values and clinical findings.
  • Included 157 eyes from 80 neonates with a mean gestational age of 27.1 weeks.

Main Results:

  • The mean spherical equivalent (SE) at 1-year corrected age was 0.31 ± 1.89 diopters.
  • Univariate analysis showed a significant association between the number of laser spots and stage 3 ROP with SE values.
  • Multivariable analysis confirmed that both the number of laser spots (ß = -0.25 ± 0.00 D, p=0.01) and stage 3 ROP (ß = -0.28 ± 0.36 D, p=0.00) were significantly associated with SE.

Conclusions:

  • The stage of ROP and the number of laser spots applied during LPC treatment are significantly correlated with the degree of myopia.
  • These findings suggest that treatment intensity and ROP severity are important determinants of refractive error development in treated preterm infants.
  • Further research can explore strategies to mitigate myopia progression in this vulnerable population.
Abstract

Keywords:
Laser treatmentMyopiaRefractive outcomeRetinopathy of prematurity

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