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Characteristics of intussusception in the period of arbitrary Rotavirus vaccination

Mutsumi Nakamura1, Koichiro Yoshimaru2, Toshiharu Matsuura2

  • 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.

Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
|September 23, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus (RV) vaccination did not alter intussusception age distribution. However, patients receiving RV vaccination experienced a significantly shorter interval from symptom onset to treatment, improving care for this condition.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Vaccine Safety Research
  • Public Health Surveillance

Background:

  • Rotavirus (RV) vaccination was introduced in Japan in November 2011 to prevent RV-associated gastroenterocolitis.
  • This study investigated intussusception cases in children under 16 years old before and after RV vaccine introduction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the characteristics of intussusception in relation to rotavirus vaccination.
  • To compare intussusception patient demographics and treatment outcomes before and after RV vaccine implementation.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 560 intussusception patients (January 2006-September 2020).
  • Patients were divided into two groups: pre-RV vaccination (Group A) and post-RV vaccination (Group B).
  • Comparison of age distribution, onset-to-treatment interval, and contrast enema parameters between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in the age distribution (0-6 months) of intussusception between pre- and post-vaccination groups.
  • The mean interval from intussusception onset to treatment was significantly shorter in RV-vaccinated patients (7.5 hours) compared to unvaccinated patients (16.0 hours).
  • No significant differences were observed in contrast enema treatment time or pressure.

Conclusions:

  • Rotavirus vaccination does not appear to influence the age distribution of intussusception.
  • A shorter delay in seeking treatment for intussusception was observed in children who had received the rotavirus vaccine.
  • Early recognition of intussusception following RV vaccination is crucial for timely and effective treatment.
Abstract

Keywords:
hydrostatic contrast enemaintussusceptionrotavirusvaccine

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