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Sensory processing sensitivity and axonal microarchitecture: identifying brain structural characteristics for

Szabolcs David1, Lucy L Brown2, Anneriet M Heemskerk3

  • 1Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. s.david@umcutrecht.nl.

Brain Structure & Function
|September 23, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study links sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) to subtle differences in brain white matter microstructure using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). These findings suggest that individual variations in brain wiring may underlie heightened sensory experiences in typical individuals.

Keywords:
Cingulum microstructureDiffusion MRIDiffusion tensor imagingHighly sensitive peopleMean diffusivitySensory processing sensitivity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Sensory Processing Sensitivity (SPS) is a proposed normal phenotype trait.
  • Previous research utilized functional MRI to identify brain regions associated with SPS.
  • Further anatomical characterization and validation of SPS are needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate SPS by correlating questionnaire scores with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) measures.
  • To anatomically characterize SPS using DTI.
  • To test the utility of DTI in assessing psychological traits.

Main Methods:

  • Correlated SPS proxy questionnaire scores (adjusted for neuroticism) with DTI measures in 408 participants from the Human Connectome Project.
  • Employed voxelwise analysis and region of interest (ROI) analysis.
  • Assessed mean diffusivity, radial diffusivity, and fractional anisotropy in white matter (WM).

Main Results:

  • Positive correlations between diffusivity measures and SPS scores were found in frontal cortex WM, including the cingulum bundle and forceps minor.
  • Negative correlations between fractional anisotropy and SPS scores were observed in WM regions of the premotor/motor/somatosensory/supramarginal gyrus.
  • Subtle axonal microarchitectural differences in specific cortical regions, including visual and auditory pathways, were associated with SPS traits.

Conclusions:

  • Axonal microstructural differences in specific cortical regions are identifiable in individuals with SPS traits.
  • Heightened sensory processing in SPS may be influenced by WM microstructure.
  • DTI methodology offers a novel approach for characterizing psychological traits by identifying underlying brain systems.