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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Microscopy Techniques01:22

Overview of Microscopy Techniques

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The early pioneers of microscopy opened a window into the invisible world of microorganisms. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes that leveraged nonvisible light, such as fluorescence microscopy that uses an ultraviolet light source and electron microscopy that uses short-wavelength electron beams. These advances significantly improved magnification, image resolution, and contrast. By comparison, the...
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Immunogold Electron Microscopy01:20

Immunogold Electron Microscopy

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Immunoelectron microscopy utilizes immunogold labeling of endogenous proteins with specific antibodies to detect and localize these proteins in cells and tissues. The procedure provides insights into the distribution and quantification of protein under different stimulation conditions offering clues about their functions. Conjugating highly electron-dense gold particles with primary or secondary antibodies allow antigen detection on and within cells, with high resolution and specificity.
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Cryo-electron Microscopy01:28

Cryo-electron Microscopy

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Conventional electron microscopy (EM) involves dehydration, fixation, and staining of biological samples, which distorts the native state of biological molecules and results in several artifacts. Also, the high-energy electron beam damages the sample and makes it difficult to obtain high-resolution images. These issues can be addressed using cryo-EM, which uses frozen samples and gentler electron beams. The technique was developed by Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson, for...
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Transmission Electron Microscopy01:15

Transmission Electron Microscopy

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In 1931, physicist Ernst Ruska—building on the idea that magnetic fields can direct an electron beam just as lenses can direct a beam of light in an optical microscope—developed the first prototype of the electron microscope. This development led to the development of the field of electron microscopy. In the transmission electron microscope (TEM), electrons are produced by a hot tungsten element and accelerated by a potential difference in an electron gun, which gives them up to 400...
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Overview of Electron Microscopy01:25

Overview of Electron Microscopy

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The wavelengths of visible light ultimately limit the maximum theoretical resolution of images created by light microscopes. Most light microscopes can only magnify 1000X, and a few can magnify up to 1500X. Electrons, like electromagnetic radiation, can behave like waves, but with wavelengths of 0.005 nm, they produce significantly greater resolution up to 0.05 nm as compared to 500 nm for visible light. An electron microscope (EM) can create a sharp image that is magnified up to 2,000,000X.
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Three-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology01:28

Three-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology

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Three-dimensional imaging techniques are essential in cell biology, allowing researchers to visualize intricate cellular structures with high resolution. Two prominent methods, Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy (DIC) and Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy (CSLM), provide distinct advantages for imaging live and thick specimens, respectively.Differential Interference Contrast MicroscopyDIC microscopy enhances contrast in transparent, unstained samples by converting phase...
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[Virus detection by electron microscopy: past, present and future].

Philippe Roingeard1

  • 1Université François-Rabelais, CHRU de Tours; Inserm U 966, Plate-forme de microscopie électronique, France.

Virologie (Montrouge, France)
|September 24, 2022
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Summary

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is crucial for identifying unknown viruses and ensuring product safety, despite newer methods. TEM remains vital for high-resolution imaging in virology research and diagnostics.

Keywords:
electron microscopyviral assemblyviral morphogenesisvirus detection

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Microscopy
  • Cell Biology

Context:

  • Viruses are microscopic entities requiring specialized imaging techniques for study.
  • Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has historically been fundamental to virology.
  • Advancements in molecular methods and fluorescence microscopy have offered alternatives for certain applications.

Purpose:

  • To evaluate the enduring significance of TEM in modern virology.
  • To highlight the indispensable role of TEM in specific diagnostic and research contexts.
  • To contrast TEM capabilities with newer viral detection and imaging technologies.

Summary:

  • TEM enables the discovery and diagnosis of viral infections and aids in understanding virus-host interactions.
  • While sensitive methods like PCR and live-cell fluorescence microscopy have emerged, TEM remains essential for initial identification of novel viral agents.
  • Regulatory agencies recommend TEM for assessing the viral safety of biological products.
  • TEM's high resolution is uniquely capable of distinguishing viral particles from protein aggregates, crucial for studying viral assembly and virus-cell interactions.

Impact:

  • TEM continues to be a critical tool for specific, high-resolution applications in virology.
  • Its role in outbreak investigations and product safety ensures continued relevance.
  • TEM provides unique insights into viral structure and assembly, complementing other methodologies.