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Modal-MUSIC: A passive mode estimation algorithm for partially spanning arrays.

F Hunter Akins1, W A Kuperman1

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Modal-MUSIC estimates normal modes from ship noise using a partially spanning array. This method successfully localizes underwater acoustic sources without needing geoacoustic data.

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Area of Science:

  • Underwater acoustics
  • Signal processing
  • Array signal processing

Background:

  • Traditional normal mode estimation requires active sources or full-spanning arrays.
  • Extracting acoustic modes from ambient noise, like ship noise, is challenging.
  • Existing methods struggle with partially spanning arrays and unknown source ranges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel method for normal mode estimation using partially spanning arrays.
  • To adapt the MUSIC algorithm for normal mode extraction from moving ship noise.
  • To demonstrate the capability of localizing acoustic sources without geoacoustic information.

Main Methods:

  • Introduced Modal-MUSIC, an adaptation of the MUSIC algorithm for normal mode estimation.
  • Utilized a partially spanning vertical line array and known sound speed profile.
  • Applied the method to simulated data and experimental data from SWellEx-96.

Main Results:

  • Successfully extracted normal modes from simulated and experimental ship noise.
  • Demonstrated the localization of a multitone source using extracted normal modes.
  • Achieved source localization without requiring any prior geoacoustic information.

Conclusions:

  • Modal-MUSIC effectively extracts normal modes from moving ship noise using limited array data.
  • The method enables acoustic source localization in underwater environments without geoacoustic models.
  • This advancement offers a new approach for passive acoustic monitoring and source localization.