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Dynamics and Entanglement in Quantum and Quantum-Classical Systems: Lessons for Gravity.

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We compared quantum, classical, and semiclassical dynamics of an oscillator coupled to two spins. Semiclassical models with spin backreaction do not accurately capture quantum behavior, especially at intermediate couplings.

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Area of Science:

  • Theoretical Physics
  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Quantum Gravity

Background:

  • Quantum gravity and quantum theory on curved spacetimes are complex areas of physics.
  • Understanding the interplay between quantum systems and classical environments is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the dynamics of a quantum oscillator coupled to two spin-1/2 particles across different theoretical frameworks.
  • To investigate the validity of semiclassical approximations in capturing quantum phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a model system of an oscillator coupled to two spin-1/2 particles.
  • Analyzed three distinct dynamical regimes: full quantum theory, classical oscillator with spin backreaction, and spins on a fixed oscillator background.
  • Calculated the evolution of oscillator properties and entanglement entropy.

Main Results:

  • All three systems exhibited equivalent dynamics for weak oscillator-spin couplings.
  • Significant deviations in dynamics were observed for intermediate couplings.
  • Entanglement entropy evolution differed notably between the quantum and semiclassical models.

Conclusions:

  • Semiclassical dynamics with spin backreaction do not serve as a reliable intermediate regime between quantum gravity and quantum theory on curved spacetimes.
  • The study highlights the limitations of classical approximations in describing quantum systems with backreaction.