A Delphi consensus statement for the management of post-COVID interstitial lung disease

Area of Science:

• Pulmonology
• Thoracic Radiology
• Post-COVID Conditions

Background:

• A significant number of COVID-19 survivors experience persistent symptoms, including pulmonary function abnormalities and radiological findings indicative of interstitial lung disease (ILD).
• Limited scientific evidence currently exists for the effective management of post-COVID ILD, highlighting the need for expert consensus.
• This necessitates a structured approach to guide clinical practice for this growing patient population.

Purpose of the Study:

• To establish a consensus-based approach for the management of post-COVID interstitial lung disease (ILD).
• To provide evidence-based recommendations for diagnosis and treatment strategies.
• To address the growing clinical challenge posed by persistent lung abnormalities after COVID-19 infection.

Main Methods:

• A panel of pulmonology and thoracic radiology experts was convened to address key management questions.
• A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed and EMBASE up to March 1, 2022.
• Consensus on management suggestions was achieved using the Delphi approach, with suggestions approved by over 80% of panelists accepted.

Main Results:

• Dedicated facilities are recommended for the specialized care of patients with post-COVID ILD.
• Symptom screening, pulmonary function testing, and thoracic imaging are crucial diagnostic tools.
• Both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic management options for post-COVID ILD were discussed and outlined.

Conclusions:

• The consensus provides a framework for managing patients with post-COVID ILD.
• Further research is essential to deepen the understanding of post-COVID ILD's pathophysiology and optimize treatment.
• Implementing these recommendations can improve care for individuals suffering from long-term respiratory complications of COVID-19.