Effects of methamphetamine and morphine on the vertical and horizontal motor activities in mice

The effects of methamphetamine and morphine on the vertical (VMA) and the horizontal motor activities (HMA) in male ddY mice (six weeks of age) was investigated between 9:00 and 13:00, using an apparatus which can differentiate spontaneous motor activity into VMA and HMA, measuring their activities simultaneously. VMA and HMA were evaluated by counting the number of times that an infrared ray was blocked by the mouse in the activity cage. Nine infrared photo-couplers were used to measure the VMA and one to measure the HMA. All measurements were taken at 10 min intervals during the 180 min period after subcutaneous injection of methamphetamine (0.1, 1 and 10 mg/kg) or morphine (2, 10 and 50 mg/kg). A small dose of methamphetamine (0.1 mg/kg) did not exert influence on the counts of the VMA and the HMA, whereas a large dose enhanced both activities, especially at 10 mg/kg, where each activity showed qualitatively different biphasic patterns. On the other hand, three doses of morphine significantly inhibited the VMA for 20 min after administration, while morphine at 2 mg/kg depressed the HMA for 10 min after administration and at 10 mg/kg or more markedly enhanced it during the 180 min observation period. These results show that different doses of methamphetamine and morphine exert different effects on the VMA and the HMA in mice.