Kinetic analysis of microalgae cultivation utilizing 3D-printed real-time monitoring system reveals potential of...

The microalgae-based bioconversion process is a promising carbon utilization technology because it can upgrade CO₂ into valuable substances, but a multiplex monitoring system required for process control to maximize biomass productivity has not been well established. Herein, a 3D printed real-time optical density monitoring device (RTOMD) combined platform was presented. This platform enables precise kinetics analysis by maintaining high accuracy (over 95 %) under raucous outdoor conditions. Through RTOMD-based high-frequency measurements, it was observed that maximum biomass productivity of 4.497 g L^-1 d^-1 was reached, which greatly exceeds the requirements for a feasible microalgae process. We discovered that the CO₂ fixation efficiency could be achieved to 70.75 %, indicating the potential of a bioconversion process to realize a carbon-neutral society. Consequently, the RTOMD system can contribute to promoting microalgae cultivation as an attractive carbon mitigation technology based on an improved understanding of the photosynthetic CO₂ fixation kinetics.