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Induction of Maternal Immune Activation in Mice at Mid-gestation Stage with Viral Mimic PolyI:C
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Delayed effects of neonatal immune activation on brain neurochemistry and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis

Julia N Khantakova1,2, Natalia P Bondar1,3, Anna A Sapronova1

  • 1Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Novosibirsk, Russia.

The European Journal of Neuroscience
|September 26, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Neonatal inflammation can harm brain development, increasing risks for later-life mental health issues and cognitive deficits. This review explores how early inflammation impacts brain systems and stress responses in rodents.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The early postnatal brain is vulnerable to stress and inflammation, which can disrupt normal development.
  • Postnatal inflammation is linked to increased risks of psychopathologies and cognitive impairment.
  • Limited research exists on infectious agents causing long-term neuroinflammation and subsequent neurochemical imbalances.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the short- and long-term consequences of neonatal-induced inflammation in rodents.
  • To investigate the impact on glutamatergic, GABAergic, and monoaminergic systems.
  • To examine alterations in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article, synthesizing existing research on neonatal inflammation in rodent models.
  • The review focuses on studies examining neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter systems, and HPA axis function.

Main Results:

  • Neonatal inflammation can induce lasting changes in neurotransmitter systems (glutamatergic, GABAergic, monoaminergic).
  • Inflammation affects the development and function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.
  • These changes contribute to long-term neuroinflammation and neurochemical imbalances.

Conclusions:

  • Early-life inflammation poses significant risks for long-term brain health and function.
  • Understanding these effects is crucial for developing interventions for neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • Further research is needed to explore the role of infectious agents in neonatal neuroinflammation.

Keywords:
HPA axisLPSneonatal immune activationneurochemistry

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