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Application of intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma
Yi Zhou1,2, Jing Zheng1, Cui Yang1,3
1Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China.
Insights
Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM)-DWI offers a more comprehensive assessment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) than traditional DWI. This advanced imaging technique aids in differentiating tumors, grading, and predicting treatment response.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Oncology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality globally.
- Traditional diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) using apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) is limited by microcirculation perfusion interference.
- Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM)-DWI addresses these limitations by quantifying pure water diffusion and microcirculation perfusion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the principles of IVIM-DWI.
- To summarize research progress on IVIM-DWI applications in HCC.
- To highlight IVIM-DWI's role in HCC management.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on IVIM-DWI in hepatocellular carcinoma.
- Analysis of IVIM-DWI's application in differentiation, pathological grading, and treatment response evaluation.
- Exploration of IVIM-DWI for predicting recurrence and gene expression.
Main Results:
- IVIM-DWI provides quantitative data on diffusion and perfusion, overcoming traditional DWI limitations.
- Studies demonstrate IVIM-DWI's value in HCC differentiation and pathological grading.
- IVIM-DWI shows promise in predicting and evaluating treatment response, recurrence, and gene expression.
Conclusions:
- IVIM-DWI is a valuable tool for comprehensive assessment and management of HCC.
- This advanced imaging technique enhances diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic monitoring in HCC patients.
- Further research validates IVIM-DWI's potential in predicting HCC outcomes.
Abstract:
The morbidity and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rank 6th and 4th, respectively, among malignant tumors worldwide. Traditional diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) uses the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) obtained by applying the monoexponential model to reflect water molecule diffusion in active tissue; however, the value of ADC is affected by microcirculation perfusion. Using a biexponential model, intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM)-DWI quantitatively measures information related to pure water molecule diffusion and microcirculation perfusion, thus compensating for the shortcomings of DWI. The number of studies examining the application of IVIM-DWI in patients with HCC has gradually increased over the last few years, and many results show that IVIM-DWI has vital value for HCC differentiation, pathological grading, and predicting and evaluating the treatment response. The present study principally reviews the principle of IVIM-DWI and its research progress in HCC differentiation, pathological grading, predicting and evaluating the treatment response, predicting postoperative recurrence and predicting gene expression prediction.
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