Acute myeloid leukemia with variant t(8;10;21)

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Oncology
• Genetics

Background:

• The t(8;21)(q22;q22) translocation is a frequent chromosomal abnormality in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
• Additional chromosomal abnormalities occur in 3-4% of AML cases, but their prognostic impact is not fully understood.

Observation:

• This report details a unique case of t(8;10;21) AML with a mutated c-KIT gene.
• The patient presented with morphological features (M2 pattern) and immunophenotype (CD34, HLA-DR) characteristic of classical t(8;21) AML.

Findings:

• Despite the complex chromosomal rearrangement and c-KIT mutation, the patient achieved a long-lasting remission.
• Treatment involved standard induction chemotherapy (Daunorubicin, Cytarabine) followed by intermediate-dose Cytarabine consolidation.

Implications:

• This case suggests that standard chemotherapy regimens may be effective even in AML with complex chromosomal abnormalities.
• Further research is needed to clarify the prognostic significance of additional chromosomal abnormalities in AML.
• The findings contribute to understanding the clinical spectrum and treatment response in AML with variant translocations.