Progress on CAR-T cell therapy for hematological malignancies

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is an effective treatment for hematological malignancies, which have experienced the development of CD19 CAR-T cells for B lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma, B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) CAR-T cells for multiple myeloid, and more recently, the development of CD7 CAR-T cells for T cell malignancies. There are more obstacles for myeloid malignancies compared to other hematological malignancies in this field, thus concerning researches are in more diverse ways. In order to obtain more effective clinical CAR-T cells with lower side effects, scientists have developed multi-target CAR-T cells, universal CAR-T cells, as well as CAR-T cells, CAR-NK cells, CAR-iMac cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) by genetic engineering. Chinese scientists have made significant contribution to the invention and manufacture of origin CAR-T cells and the establishment of an intact clinical research system. This review introduces the latest progress involving CAR-T cell therapy for hematological malignancies including B lymphoblastic malignancies, T lymphoblastic malignancies and myeloid malignancies, and also discuss the future developments including multi-target, universal and iPSC-derived CAR-related cell therapy.