Factors affecting masticatory performance during the mixed dentition period.

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Dentistry
• Masticatory Function
• Human Physiology

Background:

• Masticatory performance can decrease during the mixed dentition period as teeth are replaced.
• This temporary decline may limit the intake of nutrient-rich, chewy foods.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify factors influencing masticatory performance in children during the dentition exchange period.
• To understand the relationship between chewing efficiency and physical characteristics.

Main Methods:

• 229 students (grades 4-6) in the lateral dentition exchange period participated.
• Masticatory performance was assessed using shearing (gummy jelly) and mixing (color-changing gum) tests.
• Evaluated variables included chewing rate, occlusal force/area, tooth count, Hellman's tooth age, Rohrer index, grip strength, and walking speed.

Main Results:

• Shearing and mixing performance positively correlated with occlusal force, contact area, and chewing rate, with gender differences observed.
• Slower chewing rates were associated with higher masticatory performance.
• Maximum occlusal force and a lower Rohrer index were significant predictors of better shearing and mixing performance, respectively.

Conclusions:

• Slower chewing and greater occlusal force enhance masticatory performance during tooth exchange.
• These findings may have implications for understanding nutritional intake and potential links to obesity in children.