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Intravenous Iron Therapy for Children With Iron Deficiency Anemia

Mehmet F Orhan1, Mustafa Büyükavci

  • 1Sakarya University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Sakarya, Turkey.

Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
|September 26, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Intravenous (IV) iron sucrose and ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) are effective for treating pediatric iron deficiency anemia when oral iron fails. IV iron improved key blood markers and FCM offered a shorter treatment duration.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology
  • Public Health
  • Nutritional Anemia

Background:

  • Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a significant public health concern in children.
  • Oral iron therapy, the standard treatment, often faces challenges due to side effects and poor patient adherence, leading to treatment interruption.
  • Alternative treatment strategies are needed for pediatric IDA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrospectively evaluate and compare the treatment processes and efficacy of intravenous (IV) iron sucrose and ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) in children with IDA.
  • To assess the effectiveness of IV iron therapy in improving hematological parameters in pediatric patients.
  • To identify patient subgroups who benefit most from IV iron treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective evaluation of 44 children diagnosed with IDA.
  • Comparison of treatment outcomes between two groups: one receiving IV iron sucrose (25 patients) and the other receiving IV ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) (19 patients).
  • Analysis of demographic characteristics, treatment details, and hematological parameters (hemoglobin, MCV, MCH, RDW, serum ferritin, platelet count).

Main Results:

  • IV iron therapy significantly improved hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), red-cell distribution width (RDW), and serum ferritin levels.
  • A decrease in platelet count was observed following IV iron administration.
  • The ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) group demonstrated a lower mean number of infusions per patient and a shorter overall treatment duration compared to iron sucrose.
  • Indications for IV iron included unresponsiveness to oral treatment (64%), compliance issues (25%), and severe anemia (11%).

Conclusions:

  • Intravenous iron sucrose and ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) are viable and effective treatment options for pediatric iron deficiency anemia, particularly in cases of nonadherence to oral therapy or severe anemia.
  • IV iron therapy effectively corrects hematological deficiencies in children.
  • Ferric carboxymaltose may offer advantages in terms of treatment duration and number of infusions required.

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