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Self-reported walking pace, polygenic risk scores and risk of coronary artery disease in UK biobank

F Zaccardi1, I R Timmins2, J Goldney3

  • 1Leicester Real World Evidence Unit, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Rd, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK; Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Gwendolen Rd, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK.

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases : NMCD
|September 26, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Combining polygenic risk scores (PGS) and walking pace significantly improves cardiovascular disease risk prediction. Slow walkers with high genetic risk face the greatest coronary artery disease (CAD) risk, highlighting a key group for interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Disease Research
  • Genetics and Public Health

Background:

  • Polygenic risk scores (PGS) and self-reported walking pace are known predictors of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • The combined predictive power of PGS and walking pace for CVD risk differentiation was previously unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether combining polygenic risk scores (PGS) and self-reported walking pace enhances the prediction of coronary artery disease (CAD) risk.
  • To assess the 10-year absolute risk of CAD in individuals based on their genetic risk and walking pace.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized UK Biobank data from 380,693 participants (Mar 2006-Feb 2021).
  • Estimated 10-year absolute CAD risk and C-index using nine PGS and self-reported walking pace, adjusted for traditional risk factors.
  • Analyzed CAD events over a median follow-up of 11.9 years.

Main Results:

  • Both walking pace and genetic risk were strongly associated with CAD.
  • Slow walkers with high genetic risk exhibited the highest 10-year CAD risk (2.72% in women, 9.60% in men).
  • Combining PGS and walking pace yielded the greatest risk discrimination (C-index 0.801 in women, 0.732 in men).

Conclusions:

  • Self-reported slow walking pace combined with high genetic risk identifies individuals at substantially elevated risk for coronary artery disease (CAD).
  • Both polygenic risk scores and walking pace independently contribute to cardiovascular risk prediction.
  • The combination of these factors offers the most effective approach for risk stratification and potential intervention targeting.
Abstract

Keywords:
Coronary artery diseaseGeneticsPolygenic risk scoreUK BiobankWalking paceWalking speed

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