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Updated: Aug 27, 2025
Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions
Published on: April 23, 2021
Relationship Between Calcium Channel Blockers Therapy and Cognitive Function Improvement in Cognitive Decline
Ho Tae Jeong1, Hyun-Ho Sung2, Jun Hong Lee3
1Department of Neurology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, 102, Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06973, Korea.
Insights
S-amlodipine besylate therapy improved cognitive function in patients with hypertension and cerebrovascular disease. The treatment enhanced scores on cognitive tests for those with cognitive decline, irrespective of blood pressure control.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Neurology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Hypertension and cerebrovascular disease are linked to cognitive decline and dementia.
- Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker that relaxes blood vessels.
- Effective blood pressure management is crucial for neurological health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the impact of S-amlodipine besylate on cognitive function over 24 weeks.
- To evaluate cognitive changes in hypertensive patients with cerebrovascular disease undergoing S-amlodipine therapy.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from a post-market surveillance study of S-amlodipine besylate.
- Enrolled 545 patients with hypertension and ischemic cerebrovascular disease.
- Assessed cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) after 24 weeks of treatment.
Main Results:
- S-amlodipine besylate (5 mg) significantly improved MMSE and GDS scores in patients (p < 0.001).
- Patients with cognitive decline (CD) showed MMSE improvement regardless of achieving target blood pressure.
- Cognitive normal (CN) group did not show significant changes related to target blood pressure attainment.
Conclusions:
- S-amlodipine besylate therapy effectively improved cognitive function in patients with cognitive decline, hypertension, and cerebrovascular disease.
- The cognitive benefits were observed irrespective of whether target blood pressure was achieved.
Introduction:
Amlodipine belongs to a class of calcium channel blockers that relax blood vessels to allow easier flow of blood. Higher blood pressure (BP) is associated with cerebrovascular disease and is an important contributor to cognitive decline and dementia.
Aim:
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 24 weeks of S-amlodipine besylate therapy on cognitive function in patients with hypertension and cerebrovascular disease.
Methods:
The data were obtained from a study of post-market surveillance of S-amlodipine besylate.
Results:
A total of 545 subjects (mean age 67 ± 9.68 years) with hypertension and ischemic cerebrovascular disease were enrolled. Patients with a baseline Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score above 26 were assigned to the cognitive normal (CN) (n = 294) group, and those with MMSE score less than 26 were in the cognitive decline (CD) (n = 251) group. After 24 weeks of treatment with S-amlodipine besylate 5 mg, MMSE and Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) were evaluated again. Changes in MMSE were compared in the target BP reached (TBPR) and non-reached (NTBPR) groups and for CN and CD groups. Treatment with 5 mg of S-amlodipine besylate for 24 weeks improved MMSE and GDS scores (p < 0.001). The CD group showed improvement in MMSE score regardless of whether target BP was obtained (TBPR: p < 0.001, NTBPR: p < 0.01). However, the CN classification was not significant for either TBPR or NTBPR groups.
Conclusions:
S-amlodipine besylate improved cognition of the CD group with hypertension and cerebrovascular disease regardless of obtaining target BP.
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