Investigating protein-excipient interactions of a multivalent V_HH therapeutic protein using NMR spectroscopy

Fab Fragment antigen-binding; Fc Fragment crystallizable; HMW High molecular weight; ∆HMW Difference between HMW species at stress temperature and 5°C controls; IgG Immunoglobulin G; mAbs Monoclonal antibodies; MV-V_HH Multivalent V_HH molecule with the format aC-L₁-aC-L₁-aD; NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance; scFv Single-chain fragment variable; SEC Size-exclusion chromatography; V_HH Variable domain of Heavy chain of Heavy chain-only antibody.