[Research Progress of Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer 
with EGFR Mutation]

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Immunology
• Genetics

Context:

• Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are first-line treatments for EGFR-mutant advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
• Acquired drug resistance to EGFR TKIs occurs within 1-2 years, leading to poor subsequent treatment efficacy.
• Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have transformed cancer treatment but show limited efficacy in NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations.

Purpose:

• To review recent research (last 5 years) on the impact of EGFR mutations on the immune status of NSCLC.
• To analyze related clinical studies investigating immunotherapy in EGFR-mutated NSCLC.
• To identify challenges and potential strategies for improving anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy outcomes in this patient population.

Summary:

• EGFR mutations in NSCLC are associated with altered tumor immune microenvironments, often leading to reduced sensitivity to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.
• Despite initial treatment responses, acquired resistance to EGFR TKIs complicates management.
• Current research focuses on understanding the complex interplay between EGFR mutations and immune evasion mechanisms.

Impact:

• Highlights the need for novel therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance and enhance immunotherapy efficacy in EGFR-mutated NSCLC.
• Provides insights into the immunological consequences of EGFR mutations, guiding future research directions.
• Emphasizes the clinical challenge of optimizing anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy for patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC.