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Overview of biological effects of melatonin on testis: A review

Somayeh Heidarizadi1, Zahra Rashidi1,2, Cyrus Jalili1,3

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

Andrologia
|September 28, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Melatonin, a natural antioxidant, shows promise in protecting testicles and improving sperm quality. This study investigates its potential benefits for male infertility and testicular disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Male infertility is a significant global health concern, with male factors contributing to 50% of cases.
  • Loss of spermatogonial stem cells, crucial for sperm production, can result from chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or genetic defects.
  • The pineal gland and melatonin secretion are implicated in reproductive functions across various species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biological effects of melatonin as a natural antioxidant on testicular health.
  • To explore melatonin's potential in treating male infertility and various testicular disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on melatonin's role in reproductive physiology and testicular function.
  • Analysis of studies demonstrating melatonin's protective and therapeutic properties against testicular damage.

Main Results:

  • Melatonin exhibits anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antioxidant properties.
  • It protects testicles and spermatogonia from oxidative stress, chemotherapy, radiation, and other toxic insults.
  • Melatonin improves sperm quality and influences testosterone secretion via Leydig cells.

Conclusions:

  • Melatonin is a potent natural antioxidant with significant potential for protecting testicular function.
  • Its multifaceted protective effects suggest a promising therapeutic role in managing male infertility and testicular disorders.
Keywords:
male infertilitymelatoninoxidative damagespermatogenesistesticular toxicity

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