Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 27, 2025
Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria
Published on: February 23, 2014
Chronic suppurative otitis media and immunocompromised status in paediatric patients
R D Restuti1, A A Sriyana2, H Priyono2
1Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital-Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Ear Nose Throat Head and Neck Surgery Department, Jakarta, Indonesia. ratna.drest@gmail.com.
Insights
Children with immunodeficiency, including HIV, tuberculosis, or cancer, are significantly more vulnerable to chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). This study highlights the critical link between compromised immune status and CSOM development in pediatric patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Otolaryngology
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a common pediatric condition.
- The role of immunodeficiency in CSOM development, particularly in children, requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between immunocompromised status and CSOM in a pediatric population.
- To identify specific immunodeficiencies linked to CSOM in children.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study design.
- Retrieved medical records of pediatric patients (0-18 years) with and without CSOM from 2018-2020.
- Collected data on comorbidities causing immunosuppression, including HIV, tuberculosis, and cancer.
Main Results:
- A significant association was found between immunocompromised hosts and CSOM (OR 19.5, p<0.001).
- Among 50 immunocompromised children, HIV was the most common cause of immunodeficiency in the CSOM group (60%).
- Cancer was the most common cause of immunodeficiency in the non-CSOM group (100%).
Conclusions:
- Immunocompromised children with HIV, tuberculosis, or cancer are at increased risk for CSOM.
- Further research is needed to explore other immunocompromised conditions and their association with pediatric CSOM.
Introduction:
The role of immunodeficiency in the development of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), especially in paediatric populations, have yet to be fully elucidated. The purposesof this study is to investigate the association between immunocompromised status and CSOM among paediatric population in a tertiary hospital in Indonesia.
Materials And Methods:
A cross-sectional study was performed by retrieving medical records of paediatric patients, with and without CSOM (age 0-18 years), visiting otorhinolaryngology (ENT-HNS) outpatient clinic in a tertiary hospital in Indonesia (2018-2020). We collected data on comorbidities causing immunosuppression such as HIV status, tuberculosis, and cancer.
Results:
Among the 1018 included patients (50 immunocompromised children), HIV infection was the most common cause of immunodeficiency in the CSOM group (24 patients, 60%), and cancer in the non-CSOM group (10 patients, 100%). We found a significant association between immunocompromised hosts and CSOM (odds ratio 19.5 [95% confidence interval: 9.5-39.9], p<0.001).
Conclusion:
Immunocompromised children with HIV, tuberculosis, or cancer may be more vulnerable to CSOM. Further research is required to explore the association between other immunocompromised conditions and CSOM in paediatric populations.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Immunodeficiency Diseases
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
01:29Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
01:30Pneumonia I: Introduction
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
01:26Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
01:25Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
01:23Chronic Pharyngitis
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...