Anti-HIV Macrocyclic Daphnane Orthoesters with an Unusual Macrocyclic Ring from Edgeworthia chrysantha

Edgeworthianins A-E (1-5) were isolated from Edgeworthia chrysantha as a class of macrocyclic daphnane orthoesters with an unusual macrocyclic ring formed from a C14 aliphatic chain. Their structures were elucidated by extensive physicochemical and spectroscopic analyses. Compounds 2, 4, and 5 exhibited potent anti-HIV activity against HIV-1 infection of MT4 cells with EC₅₀ values of 29.3, 8.4, and 2.9 nM, respectively. These compounds broaden the findings of the structure-activity relationship of macrocyclic daphnane orthoesters for further anti-HIV drug development.