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Updated: Aug 27, 2025

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
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Risk Factors for cognitive, motor and language development of preterm children in the first year of life

Júlia Vicente Hass1, Carolina Panceri1, Renato Soibelmann Procianoy1

  • 1Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.

Revista Paulista De Pediatria : Orgao Oficial Da Sociedade De Pediatria De Sao Paulo
|September 28, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Parenting practices and home environment significantly impact premature infants' cognitive, motor, and language development during the first year. Early interventions focusing on these factors are crucial for optimal infant outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Neonatology
  • Child Psychology

Background:

  • Premature infants face unique developmental challenges.
  • Early life experiences significantly shape infant development.
  • Identifying key developmental risk factors is crucial for intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To longitudinally investigate risk factors influencing cognitive, motor, and language development in premature infants.
  • To assess the impact of home environment and parenting on infant development.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 33 preterm infants assessed at 4, 8, and 12 months corrected age using Bayley-III Scales.
  • Parental questionnaires collected data on home environment, parenting practices, and knowledge.
  • Regression analyses identified significant predictors of developmental outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Cognitive, motor, and language development were associated with family income, toy availability, stimulus variety, and parenting practices/knowledge.
  • Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) length of stay, gestational age, and birth weight were linked to later cognitive and motor scores.
  • Stimulus variety, NICU time, and breastfeeding emerged as significant predictors in regression models for different developmental domains.

Conclusions:

  • Premature infant development in the first year is influenced by more than just birth condition severity.
  • Parenting practices and the home environment play a critical role in shaping developmental trajectories.
  • Targeted support for parenting and enrichment of the home environment may enhance outcomes for preterm infants.
Abstract

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