Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

1.1K
Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the...
1.1K
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

994
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
994
¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

1.9K
The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene...
1.9K
Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces01:13

Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces

2.7K
In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue. 
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
2.7K
Electro-mechanical Systems01:19

Electro-mechanical Systems

1.1K
Electromechanical systems are intricate configurations that effectively combine electrical and mechanical elements to achieve a desired outcome. Central to many of these systems is the DC motor, a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical motion, enabling various applications ranging from simple fans to complex robotic mechanisms.
A key component of the DC motor is the armature, a rotating circuit positioned within a magnetic field. As an electric current passes through the...
1.1K
Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity

318
Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
318

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

In situ ptychographic x-ray nanotomography of temperature-controlled crystallization processes.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

In situ ptychographic nanotomography captures activation, mobility, and deactivation of supported catalysts.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Impact of Microporous Layer Composition on the Water Content in the Membrane Electrode Assembly of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

A fast X-ray shutter for high-power beams.

Journal of synchrotron radiation·2026
Same author

LAMDA: Aiding Visual Exploration of Atomic Displacements in Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics·2026
Same author

Nondestructive X-ray tomography of brain tissue ultrastructure.

Nature methods·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 27, 2025

The Mechanics of Poro-Elastic Contractile Actomyosin Networks As a Model System of the Cell Cytoskeleton
08:50

The Mechanics of Poro-Elastic Contractile Actomyosin Networks As a Model System of the Cell Cytoskeleton

Published on: March 10, 2023

845

Electromechanical Coupling in Electroactive Polymers - a Visual Analysis of a Third-Order Tensor Field.

Chiara Hergl, Carina Witt, Baldwin Nsonga

    IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
    |September 28, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary

    Electroactive polymers (EAPs) enable actuators and sensors. This study visualizes their complex third-order coupling tensor, improving understanding of electromechanical behavior in EAP devices.

    More Related Videos

    Tuning the Contractility and Deformation Modes of Active Actin-Based Assemblies In Vitro: From Two-Dimensional Active Networks to Liquid Crystal Drops
    06:48

    Tuning the Contractility and Deformation Modes of Active Actin-Based Assemblies In Vitro: From Two-Dimensional Active Networks to Liquid Crystal Drops

    Published on: July 11, 2025

    441
    Fabrication of Carbon-Based Ionic Electromechanically Active Soft Actuators
    14:42

    Fabrication of Carbon-Based Ionic Electromechanically Active Soft Actuators

    Published on: April 25, 2020

    8.4K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Aug 27, 2025

    The Mechanics of Poro-Elastic Contractile Actomyosin Networks As a Model System of the Cell Cytoskeleton
    08:50

    The Mechanics of Poro-Elastic Contractile Actomyosin Networks As a Model System of the Cell Cytoskeleton

    Published on: March 10, 2023

    845
    Tuning the Contractility and Deformation Modes of Active Actin-Based Assemblies In Vitro: From Two-Dimensional Active Networks to Liquid Crystal Drops
    06:48

    Tuning the Contractility and Deformation Modes of Active Actin-Based Assemblies In Vitro: From Two-Dimensional Active Networks to Liquid Crystal Drops

    Published on: July 11, 2025

    441
    Fabrication of Carbon-Based Ionic Electromechanically Active Soft Actuators
    14:42

    Fabrication of Carbon-Based Ionic Electromechanically Active Soft Actuators

    Published on: April 25, 2020

    8.4K

    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Polymer Engineering
    • Electromechanical Systems

    Background:

    • Electroactive polymers (EAPs) exhibit shape and property changes under electric fields, and vice versa.
    • This electromechanical coupling is crucial for EAP applications in actuators and sensors.
    • The complexity of the third-order coupling tensor hinders interpretation of EAP behavior.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To enhance the understanding of electromechanical coupling in EAPs.
    • To develop and apply novel visualization methods for analyzing the third-order coupling tensor.
    • To provide deeper insights into the behavior of EAP devices.

    Main Methods:

    • Deviatoric decomposition of the third-order coupling tensor.
    • Visualization of deviator multipoles for tensor analysis.
    • Finite element framework simulations of EAP behavior.
    • Analysis of four examples, including electromechanical coupling.

    Main Results:

    • Successful visualization of the third-order coupling tensor's multipoles.
    • Demonstration of a novel method for interpreting tensor complexity.
    • Insights gained into the electromechanical coupling mechanisms in EAPs.
    • Validation of the visualization method through simulations.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed tensor visualization method offers a new approach to understanding complex electromechanical coupling in EAPs.
    • This work facilitates improved design and application of EAP-based actuators and sensors.
    • Further research can extend these visualization techniques to other complex tensor phenomena.