Jove
Visualize
Contact Us

Related Concept Videos

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

415
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
415
Language Development01:22

Language Development

434
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
434
Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

367
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
367
Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

262
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
262
Larynx01:21

Larynx

2.0K
The human larynx, often referred to as the voice box, is an intricate organ located in the neck. It serves as a pathway for air to enter the lungs during respiration and is an essential component of voice production.
Anatomy of the Larynx
The larynx consists of various components, including cartilage, muscles, and vocal cords. Its structure includes three large unpaired cartilages—the thyroid, cricoid, and epiglottis—and three smaller paired cartilages—the arytenoids,...
2.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Contributions of listening effort and intelligibility to cortical tracking of speech in adverse listening conditions.

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior·2024
Same author

The effects of maternal smartphone use on mother-child interaction.

Child development·2021
Same author

Linking L2 proficiency and patterns of functional connectivity during L1 word retrieval.

Brain and language·2021
Same author

Logarithmic Versus Linear Change in Step Size When Using an Adaptive Threshold-Seeking Procedure in a Frequency Discrimination Task: Does It Matter?

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR·2019
Same author

Language mixing patterns in a bilingual individual with non-fluent aphasia.

Aphasiology·2019
Same author

The role of language proficiency and linguistic distance in cross-linguistic treatment effects in aphasia.

Clinical linguistics & phonetics·2018
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 27, 2025

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS of Wernicke's and Broca's Areas in Studies of Language Learning and Word Acquisition
12:49

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS of Wernicke's and Broca's Areas in Studies of Language Learning and Word Acquisition

Published on: July 13, 2019

17.2K

tDCS modulates speech perception and production in second language learners.

Katy Borodkin1, Tamar Gassner2, Hadeel Ershaid2

  • 1Department of Communication Disorders, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel. katyborodkin@tauex.tau.ac.il.

Scientific Reports
|September 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Musical training combined with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) improved second language (L2) speech perception and production in adult learners. This neuromodulation technique enhanced L2 phoneme discrimination and sound production accuracy.

More Related Videos

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
09:09

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody

Published on: September 27, 2024

516
Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
08:32

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Published on: September 5, 2019

5.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 27, 2025

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS of Wernicke's and Broca's Areas in Studies of Language Learning and Word Acquisition
12:49

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS of Wernicke's and Broca's Areas in Studies of Language Learning and Word Acquisition

Published on: July 13, 2019

17.2K
Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
09:09

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody

Published on: September 27, 2024

516
Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
08:32

Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks

Published on: September 5, 2019

5.7K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Second Language Acquisition
  • Auditory Perception

Background:

  • Adult language learners face challenges in perceiving and producing nonnative speech sounds.
  • Musical training and neuromodulation are potential tools to enhance L2 learning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of musical training combined with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on L2 speech perception and production.
  • To determine if active tDCS over the auditory cortex enhances L2 sound processing.

Main Methods:

  • 36 native Hebrew speakers learning English as L2 participated.
  • Training involved musical perception tasks with feedback and concurrent anodal or sham tDCS over the left posterior auditory cortex.
  • L2 speech perception (discrimination) and production (imitation) were assessed before and after intervention.

Main Results:

  • No significant effects of tDCS on musical perception were observed.
  • Active tDCS, but not sham, led to improved L2 phoneme discrimination accuracy.
  • Participants receiving active tDCS showed enhanced acoustic properties in L2 speech production (vowels and consonants).

Conclusions:

  • Neuromodulation via tDCS can facilitate the processing of nonnative speech sounds in adult L2 learners.
  • Combining musical training with targeted brain stimulation offers a promising approach for improving L2 auditory skills.