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Related Concept Videos

Coronavirus01:29

Coronavirus

Coronaviruses, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), are enveloped viruses characterized by their single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome and helical nucleocapsid structure. The hallmark of these viruses is their club-shaped spike (S) glycoproteins that protrude from the viral envelope, facilitating attachment to host cells. Typically, coronaviruses infect the upper respiratory tract, often causing mild or asymptomatic disease. However, certain strains like...

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Related Experiment Video

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Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Attention, Memory, and Sensorimotor Performance.

Erin E O'Connor, Nikita Rednam, Rory O'Brien

    Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences
    |September 29, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary

    SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause persistent cognitive issues like attention and concentration problems, even in individuals without self-reported symptoms. This study highlights the varied and sometimes hidden long-term effects of COVID-19 on brain function.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Cognitive Psychology

    Background:

    • SARS-CoV-2 infection presents variable recovery, with some individuals experiencing persistent symptoms like fatigue and cognitive deficits.
    • Existing research on COVID-19-related cognitive impairment is often limited by self-reported data and inadequate control groups.

    Approach:

    • Behavioral testing was conducted on 45 participants (ages 18-70) across three groups: Long-COVID, COVID-19, and No-COVID controls.
    • Utilized the NIH Toolbox Neuro-Quality of Life survey, Eriksen Flanker task, and d2 Test of Attention to assess cognitive function.

    Key Points:

    • COVID-19 and Long-COVID groups reported higher levels of anxiety, apathy, fatigue, emotional dysregulation, sleep disturbance, and cognitive dysfunction compared to controls.
    • Attention measures showed declining performance across No-COVID, COVID, and Long-COVID groups when categorized by self-reported concentration difficulties.
    • COVID-19 participants demonstrated poorer performance on NIH Toolbox assessments, including executive function and learning tests, compared to controls.

    Conclusions:

    • Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection is linked to impairments in sustained attention, processing speed, and self-reported concentration.
    • Cognitive and visuomotor dysfunction can occur subclinically, even in the absence of self-reported cognitive problems following SARS-CoV-2 infection.