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The samarium-146 (Sm)–neodymium-142 (Nd) system reveals early planetary evolution. Correcting for nucleosynthetic anomalies shows Earth

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Area of Science:

  • Geochemistry
  • Cosmochemistry
  • Planetary Science

Background:

  • The samarium-146 (Sm)–neodymium-142 (Nd) decay system is crucial for tracing early mantle-crust evolution.
  • Observed 142Nd/144Nd excesses in Earth rocks may stem from nucleosynthetic anomalies, complicating differentiation history interpretations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify nucleosynthetic contributions to chondrite composition.
  • To re-evaluate early Earth's differentiation history by correcting for these anomalies.

Main Methods:

  • Stepwise dissolution of primitive chondrites to analyze isotopic composition.
  • Correction for identified nucleosynthetic anomalies in isotopic data.

Main Results:

  • Quantified nucleosynthetic contributions to chondrite composition.
  • Resolved excesses of 142Nd in Earth and differentiated planetesimals after anomaly correction.
  • Demonstrated that collisional erosion of primordial crusts explains these compositions.

Conclusions:

  • Collisional erosion during planetary accretion significantly impacted early differentiation.
  • This process led to substantial loss of incompatible elements, including heat-producing elements like uranium, thorium, and potassium.