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Misperceptions about out-partisans' democratic values may erode democracy.

Michael H Pasek1, Lee-Or Ankori-Karlinsky2, Alex Levy-Vene3

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Democrats and Republicans both value democracy but underestimate opposing party support for it. This political perception gap is linked to support for anti-democratic actions, potentially fueling democratic erosion.

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Area of Science:

  • Political Science
  • Social Psychology
  • American Politics

Background:

  • Core democratic characteristics are widely valued across the political spectrum in the United States.
  • Intergroup perception biases can significantly impact political attitudes and behaviors.
  • Understanding partisan misperceptions is crucial for addressing democratic challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how Democrats and Republicans perceive each other's commitment to democratic values.
  • To examine the relationship between perceived intergroup differences in democratic values and support for anti-democratic practices.

Main Methods:

  • Two studies were conducted with a total of 2200 participants from a nationally representative American panel.
  • Participants' personal valuation of democratic characteristics and their estimates of in-group versus out-group support were assessed.
  • Statistical analyses examined the association between perceived intergroup differences and support for anti-democratic practices.

Main Results:

  • Both Democrats and Republicans personally value core democratic characteristics but significantly underestimate the opposing party's support for these values.
  • Democrats perceived Democrats as valuing democratic characteristics substantially more than Republicans.
  • Republicans perceived Republicans as valuing democratic characteristics substantially more than Democrats.
  • The belief that one's own party values democratic characteristics more than the opposing party was associated with increased support for anti-democratic practices, particularly among Republicans.

Conclusions:

  • Biased and inaccurate intergroup perceptions regarding democratic values are prevalent in the US.
  • These misperceptions may play a role in fostering support for anti-democratic actions.
  • Addressing partisan misperceptions is a potential avenue for mitigating democratic erosion.