Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

6.7K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
6.7K
Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

643
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
643

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Engineering T cells with a novel PD-L1-specific TCR targeting immune and cancer cells.

Signal transduction and targeted therapy·2026
Same author

Immune modulatory vaccines targeting tumor microenvironment antigens: recent advances in oncology and beyond.

Signal transduction and targeted therapy·2026
Same author

Immune reconstitution in patients with myelofibrosis conditioned with a non-myeloablative regimen prior to allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

Bone marrow transplantation·2026
Same author

Rationale for multi-epitope TGFβ vaccination in pancreatic cancer: evidence from immunologic and clinical correlates.

Signal transduction and targeted therapy·2026
Same author

Five-year clinical outcome and immune biomarkers of durable response from the MM1636 trial on IDO/PD-L1 vaccination and PD-1 blockade in first line metastatic melanoma.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

β-adrenergic signaling blockade attenuates metastasis through activation of cytotoxic CD4 T cells.

Nature communications·2025
Same journal

The interaction between inflammation and estrogen in adenomyosis : from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.

Seminars in immunopathology·2026
Same journal

The complex of gut microbial metabolites and sex hormones in Alzheimer's disease.

Seminars in immunopathology·2026
Same journal

Endometrial pathophysiology and pregnancy: from mechanism to intervention.

Seminars in immunopathology·2026
Same journal

Advances in understanding the dual roles of testicular immune responses: From immune privilege to inflammation.

Seminars in immunopathology·2026
Same journal

Climate change-associated heat extremes and immune dysregulation: emerging links with autoimmunity, allergy, and infectious diseases.

Seminars in immunopathology·2026
Same journal

The cancer-microbiome axis: Mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies.

Seminars in immunopathology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 27, 2025

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Multicolor Fluorescence Localization in Lung Carcinoma Sample
05:00

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Multicolor Fluorescence Localization in Lung Carcinoma Sample

Published on: November 21, 2023

1.9K

Tumor microenvironment antigens.

Mads Hald Andersen1,2

  • 1National Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT-DK), Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 25C, 5th floor, DK-2730, Herlev, Denmark. mads.hald.andersen@regionh.dk.

Seminars in Immunopathology
|September 29, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review introduces tumor microenvironment antigens (TMAs) as novel targets for anti-cancer immunotherapy. Targeting TMAs can directly attack tumor cells and reshape the tumor microenvironment to be more hostile to cancer growth.

Keywords:
Anti-TregsAnti-regulatory T cellsArginaseIDOImmune modulatory vaccinePD-L1TGF-betaTMATumor microenvironment antigens

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Multiplex Immunofluorescence Combined with Spatial Image Analysis for the Clinical and Biological Assessment of the Tumor Microenvironment
06:05

Author Spotlight: Multiplex Immunofluorescence Combined with Spatial Image Analysis for the Clinical and Biological Assessment of the Tumor Microenvironment

Published on: June 2, 2023

8.0K
Enrichment and Characterization of the Tumor Immune and Non-immune Microenvironments in Established Subcutaneous Murine Tumors
08:32

Enrichment and Characterization of the Tumor Immune and Non-immune Microenvironments in Established Subcutaneous Murine Tumors

Published on: June 7, 2018

9.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 27, 2025

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Multicolor Fluorescence Localization in Lung Carcinoma Sample
05:00

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Multicolor Fluorescence Localization in Lung Carcinoma Sample

Published on: November 21, 2023

1.9K
Author Spotlight: Multiplex Immunofluorescence Combined with Spatial Image Analysis for the Clinical and Biological Assessment of the Tumor Microenvironment
06:05

Author Spotlight: Multiplex Immunofluorescence Combined with Spatial Image Analysis for the Clinical and Biological Assessment of the Tumor Microenvironment

Published on: June 2, 2023

8.0K
Enrichment and Characterization of the Tumor Immune and Non-immune Microenvironments in Established Subcutaneous Murine Tumors
08:32

Enrichment and Characterization of the Tumor Immune and Non-immune Microenvironments in Established Subcutaneous Murine Tumors

Published on: June 7, 2018

9.7K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Traditional cancer immunotherapies focus on tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and tumor-specific antigens (TSAs).
  • Recent research explores neoantigens and targeting regulatory T cells (Tregs) within the tumor microenvironment.
  • A new class of antigens, tumor microenvironment antigens (TMAs), are identified as targets that modulate the immune response.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define tumor microenvironment antigens (TMAs) and differentiate them from traditional tumor antigens.
  • To highlight the advantages of targeting TMAs in anti-cancer immunotherapy.
  • To discuss the potential of TMAs in immune modulatory vaccines for combinatorial therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on tumor antigens and immunotherapy strategies.
  • Conceptualization and definition of tumor microenvironment antigens (TMAs).
  • Analysis of TMA characteristics, expression patterns, and therapeutic potential.

Main Results:

  • TMAs target various cells within the tumor microenvironment, including immune cells.
  • Targeting TMAs offers advantages over TAAs and TSAs, including modulating the tumor microenvironment to be immunocompetent and tumor-hostile.
  • TMAs are expressed on non-transformed cells with consistent Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) expression, potentially effective even in tumors with low HLA expression.

Conclusions:

  • TMAs represent a promising therapeutic target for anti-cancer immunotherapy.
  • Immune modulatory vaccines targeting TMAs can be combined with other therapies to enhance efficacy and broaden patient benefit.
  • Targeting TMAs can lead to direct tumor cell attack and create a tumor-hostile microenvironment, inhibiting tumor growth and angiogenesis.