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In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
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Analysis of Chromosome Segregation, Histone Acetylation, and Spindle Morphology in Horse Oocytes
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Atomic force spectroscopy-based essay to evaluate oocyte postovulatory aging.

Alice Battistella1,2, Laura Andolfi1, Michele Zanetti1,2

  • 1CNR-IOM SS Trieste Italy.

Bioengineering & Translational Medicine
|September 30, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Postovulatory oocyte aging, crucial for fertility, can now be assessed non-invasively. Atomic force microscopy reveals mechanical property changes indicating oocyte age before visual degradation, improving in vitro fertilization success.

Keywords:
AFM measurementsIVFoocytes mechanical propertiespostovulatory agingreproductive medicinezona hardening

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Postovulatory aging reduces mammalian oocyte fertility and developmental potential.
  • Current methods for assessing oocyte age lack non-invasiveness or compromise viability.
  • Accurate determination of oocyte age is critical for optimizing in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a non-invasive method for assessing postovulatory oocyte aging.
  • To investigate the correlation between oocyte mechanical properties and aging.
  • To establish a label-free technique for predicting oocyte competence for IVF.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized atomic force microscopy (AFM) to measure mechanical properties (elastic modulus, viscosity) of mouse oocytes during in vitro aging.
  • Correlated mechanical changes with cortical granule release using fluorescence microscopy.
  • Assessed embryo formation rates up to the blastocyst stage.

Main Results:

  • Significant changes in oocyte mechanical properties (doubled elastic modulus, decreased viscosity) were detected hours before visual signs of degradation.
  • These mechanical changes correlated with cortical granule release.
  • Oocyte mechanics accurately predicted successful embryo formation.

Conclusions:

  • Minimally invasive mechanical measurements using AFM are highly sensitive to postovulatory oocyte aging.
  • AFM offers a label-free, non-invasive method to assess oocyte age and competence.
  • This technique has the potential to improve IVF success rates by enabling better oocyte selection.