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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

160
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
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Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
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The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

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Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
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Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
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Mitochondria01:37

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Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 27, 2025

A Phenotyping Regimen for Genetically Modified Mice Used to Study Genes Implicated in Human Diseases of Aging
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RNA modifications in aging-associated cardiovascular diseases.

Xinyu Yang1,2,3, Priyanka Gokulnath3, H Immo Lehmann3

  • 1Fangshan Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102400, China.

Aging
|September 30, 2022
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Aging significantly impacts cardiovascular health by altering RNA modifications. This review explores key RNA changes in aging and their role in cardiovascular diseases, offering insights into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
RNA modificationsagingaging-related cardiovascular diseasesepitranscriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Gerontology
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major global health challenge, with aging being a primary risk factor.
  • Gene expression during aging is modulated by messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs).
  • RNA modifications critically influence RNA stability and function, impacting development and disease.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes current knowledge on major chemical RNA modifications affecting mRNAs and ncRNAs during aging.
  • It focuses on the role of N6-adenosine methylation, N1-adenosine methylation, 5-methylcytidine, pseudouridylation, 2'-O-ribose-methylation, and N7-methylguanosine in cardiovascular aging.
  • The review also covers methods for detecting RNA modifications and relevant bioinformatic tools.

Key Points:

  • Specific RNA modifications are implicated in the pathogenesis of aging-associated CVDs.
  • These include atherosclerosis, hypertension, coronary heart diseases, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral artery disease, venous insufficiency, and stroke.
  • Understanding these modifications provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of cardiovascular aging.

Conclusions:

  • RNA modifications are crucial regulators of gene expression in the context of aging and cardiovascular health.
  • Investigating these modifications offers potential avenues for novel therapeutic strategies against age-related cardiovascular diseases.
  • Further research into RNA modification dynamics during aging is essential for advancing cardiovascular medicine.