Crime, mortality and neurocognitive disorders: A nationwide register study in Finland

To explore mortality of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), or Lewy body dementias (LBD) who had criminal behavior in the year preceding diagnosis.

Data were obtained from the nationwide registers. Mortality was compared between disorder groups with and without criminal acts and with the general population. The cohort included patients who had received a discharge register diagnosis of AD (N = 80,540), FTD (N = 1060), or LBD (N = 10,591) between 1998 and 2015. The incidences of crimes were calculated in the year preceding diagnosis. We further calculated age- and sex-adjusted survivals of different dementia groups with and without criminal acts, and in relation to the general population (SMR, Standardized Mortality Ratio).

Criminal behavior was more common in men than in women. It was associated with decreased mortality in the AD group. SMRs due to unnatural causes, and in the LBD and FTD female groups, were higher in patients with criminal behavior than in those without.

LBD and female FTD patients, who had criminal behavior before diagnosis, were at higher risk of death than patients without such behavior. Novel criminality in older adults may be associated with neurocognitive disorder, in which case medical attention is justified.