Sex differences in lymphoma incidence and mortality by subtype: A population-based study
Cecilia Radkiewicz1, Johanna B Bruchfeld1,2, Caroline E Weibull1
1Department of Medicine Solna, Clinical Epidemiology Division, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
American Journal of Hematology
|September 30, 2022
Summary
Men have a higher incidence of most lymphoma subtypes and a trend toward higher mortality. This study analyzed sex differences in lymphoma risk and survival using Swedish and Danish registry data.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Epidemiology
- Hematology
Background:
- The male sex is generally associated with increased cancer risk and poorer survival.
- While a similar pattern is observed in lymphomas, comprehensive assessment of sex differences in incidence and mortality is lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate sex differences in lymphoma subtype incidence and excess mortality.
- To analyze data from a nationwide population-based cohort in Sweden and validate findings with Danish data.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Swedish Lymphoma Register for adults (18-99 years) diagnosed between 2000-2019.
- Employed Poisson regression to predict male-to-female incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and excess mortality ratios (EMRs), adjusted for age and calendar year.
- Included a comparative analysis using data from the Danish Lymphoma Register.
Main Results:
- Identified 36,795 lymphoma cases: 56.4% in men and 43.6% in women.
- Men exhibited a significantly higher risk for 14 out of 16 lymphoma subtypes (IRRs from 1.15 to 5.95).
- Higher mortality in men was observed for 13 out of 16 subtypes, with statistical significance for classical Hodgkin lymphoma, aggressive lymphoma not otherwise specified, and small lymphocytic lymphoma.
Conclusions:
- Demonstrated significantly higher incidence in men for most lymphoma subtypes.
- Indicated a trend toward higher mortality in men across most lymphoma subtypes.
- Highlighted the need for further research into clinicopathological factors to explain and manage sex differences in lymphoma survival.
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