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Occupational Therapy Practice Guidelines for Adults With Multiple Sclerosis.

Rebecca Cunningham1, Ashley Uyeshiro Simon2, Katharine Preissner3

  • 1Rebecca Cunningham, OTD, OTR/L, MSCS, is Assistant Professor of Clinical Occupational Therapy, USC Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles; rebecca.cunningham@med.usc.edu.

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy : Official Publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association
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Summary

Occupational therapy interventions improve daily activities, sleep, and work participation for adults with multiple sclerosis (MS). Evidence also supports interventions for caregivers and the caregiver-patient relationship in MS care.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Occupational Therapy

Background:

  • Adults with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience challenges in occupational performance and participation.
  • Caregivers of individuals with MS also face unique needs and require support.
  • Occupational therapy plays a crucial role in addressing these multifaceted needs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a practice guideline for occupational therapy practitioners serving adults with MS and their caregivers.
  • To synthesize evidence supporting occupational therapy interventions for adults with MS.
  • To guide healthcare professionals, policymakers, and payers on the role of occupational therapy in MS care.

Main Methods:

  • A synthesis of four systematic reviews was conducted to develop clinical recommendations.
  • Three reviews focused on occupational domains as outcomes, while one addressed caregiver interventions.
  • Twenty-one articles with strong or moderate evidence formed the basis for recommendations.

Main Results:

  • Four interventions enhanced participation in activities of daily living (ADL) or sleep.
  • Two interventions improved instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) participation.
  • One intervention improved work participation, and two benefited caregivers and their relationship with the person with MS.

Conclusions:

  • Occupational therapy interventions demonstrate effectiveness in improving various aspects of life for adults with MS.
  • Evidence supports interventions targeting ADL, IADL, sleep, work, and caregiver well-being.
  • The practice guideline offers practical tools, including case examples and algorithms, to support practitioners in client goal achievement.