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Association between masseter muscle sarcopenia and postoperative pneumonia in patients with esophageal cancer

Teppei Kamada1, Hironori Ohdaira2, Eisaku Ito2

  • 1Department of Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, 537-3, Iguchi, Nasushiobara, Tochigi, 329-2763, Japan. teppei0911show@yahoo.co.jp.

Scientific Reports
|September 30, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Masseter muscle sarcopenia (MMS) is a significant risk factor for postoperative pneumonia in esophageal cancer patients. Early identification of MMS can help predict and potentially prevent pneumonia, improving patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Geriatrics
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Sarcopenia, a loss of muscle mass, affects muscles involved in swallowing and chewing, like the masseter muscle.
  • The association between masseter muscle sarcopenia and postoperative pneumonia in esophageal cancer patients is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of masseter muscle sarcopenia (MMS) on the incidence of postoperative pneumonia in patients undergoing esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study analyzed 86 patients with stage I-III esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy.
  • Masseter muscle sarcopenia (MMS) was defined by low masseter muscle index (MMI) and sarcopenia via L3-psoas muscle index (L3-PMI).
  • Postoperative pneumonia within 3 months of surgery was the primary endpoint.

Main Results:

  • Postoperative pneumonia occurred in 31.3% of patients.
  • Multivariate analysis identified low FEV1.0, recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (RLNP), and MMS as independent risk factors for pneumonia.
  • Patients with pneumonia had significantly worse overall survival.

Conclusions:

  • Preoperative masseter muscle sarcopenia (MMS) is a significant predictor of postoperative pneumonia in esophageal cancer patients.
  • Identifying MMS may aid in risk stratification and targeted interventions to reduce pneumonia incidence.
  • MMS is associated with poorer survival outcomes in this patient population.

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