Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

890
A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
890
IR Frequency Region: X–H Stretching01:24

IR Frequency Region: X–H Stretching

1.0K
In IR spectroscopy, signals produced by the X−H bonds (such as C−H, O−H, or N−H) can be observed in the frequency range of  2700–4000 cm–1. The C−H stretching vibration forms sharp bands in the region 2850–3000 cm–1. The presence of the O−H stretching vibration leads to the forming of an absorption band in the frequency range 3650–3200 cm−1. At the same time, N−H stretching can be confirmed by absorption bands in...
1.0K
IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

1.3K
There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
1.3K
IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

1.0K
IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the...
1.0K
IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations01:08

IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations

1.2K
Identical bonds within a polyatomic group can stretch symmetrically (in-phase) or asymmetrically (out-of-phase). Similar to hydrogen bonding, these vibrations also influence the shape of the IR peak. Generally, asymmetric stretching frequencies are higher than symmetric stretching frequencies. For example, primary amines exhibit two distinct IR peaks between 3300–3500 cm−1 corresponding to the symmetric and asymmetric N-H stretching, while secondary amines exhibit a single...
1.2K
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

271
Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
271

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Osteoarthritis and Chondrocytes: On the Road from Mechanisms to Treatment.

Journal of dental research·2025
Same author

A narrative review of the benefits of RIS/PACS and its integration into the radiology departments of low and middle-income countries.

Radiography (London, England : 1995)·2025
Same author

Time Delay Distribution and Laser Stability in Arbitrary Detuning Asynchronous Optical Sampling.

The journal of physical chemistry. A·2025
Same author

Response to the letter to the editor: "Differential diagnosis of pulmonary artery obstructions".

Clinical imaging·2025
Same author

Fighting tuberculosis hand in hand: A call to engage communities affected by TB as essential partners in research.

PLOS global public health·2025
Same author

Designing AI-powered healthcare assistants to effectively reach vulnerable populations with health care services: A discrete choice experiment among South African university students.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 27, 2025

Infrared Degenerate Four-wave Mixing with Upconversion Detection for Quantitative Gas Sensing
10:42

Infrared Degenerate Four-wave Mixing with Upconversion Detection for Quantitative Gas Sensing

Published on: March 22, 2019

6.3K

Inline amplification of mid-infrared intrapulse difference frequency generation.

Q Bournet, M Jonusas, A Zheng

    Optics Letters
    |October 1, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    We developed an ultrafast mid-infrared source using intrapulse difference frequency generation (iDFG) and optical parametric amplification (OPA). This novel fiber laser system achieves high energy and efficiency for advanced spectroscopy and solid-state high harmonic generation.

    More Related Videos

    Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies
    09:38

    Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies

    Published on: December 18, 2015

    12.2K
    Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation
    10:52

    Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation

    Published on: February 4, 2017

    9.8K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Aug 27, 2025

    Infrared Degenerate Four-wave Mixing with Upconversion Detection for Quantitative Gas Sensing
    10:42

    Infrared Degenerate Four-wave Mixing with Upconversion Detection for Quantitative Gas Sensing

    Published on: March 22, 2019

    6.3K
    Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies
    09:38

    Characterizing Far-infrared Laser Emissions and the Measurement of Their Frequencies

    Published on: December 18, 2015

    12.2K
    Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation
    10:52

    Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation

    Published on: February 4, 2017

    9.8K

    Area of Science:

    • Laser Physics
    • Nonlinear Optics
    • Spectroscopy

    Background:

    • Ultrafast laser sources are crucial for advanced spectroscopic techniques.
    • Generating tunable mid-infrared (mid-IR) pulses with high energy and repetition rates remains a challenge.
    • Existing methods often involve complex setups or lower efficiencies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a novel, all-inline ultrafast mid-infrared source.
    • To achieve high optical efficiency by integrating intrapulse difference frequency generation (iDFG) and optical parametric amplification (OPA).
    • To provide a versatile and high-performance source for applications like high harmonic generation and 2D-IR spectroscopy.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a Yb-doped fiber amplifier producing 7.4 fs pulses at 1030 nm.
    • Implementing an all-inline architecture combining iDFG and OPA.
    • Optimizing photon recycling between the iDFG and OPA stages.

    Main Results:

    • Generation of 1 µJ, 73 fs pulses tunable over more than an octave centered at 8 µm.
    • Achieved an unprecedented overall optical efficiency of 2%.
    • Demonstrated a high repetition rate of 250 kHz.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed all-inline source offers a unique combination of high energy, broad tunability, and high repetition rate.
    • The high optical efficiency and simplified setup make it suitable for demanding applications.
    • This technology advances capabilities in nonlinear spectroscopy and solid-state physics research.