Human testicular germ cell tumors in vitro and in athymic nude mice

Four cell lines derived from pure and mixed types of human testicular germ cell tumors in vitro and in nude mice were examined by light and electron microscopies. The NEC8 and NEC15 cell lines in vitro were composed of embryonal carcinoma cells with potentiality of trophoblastic differentiation. All of the tumors formed in nude mice by both cell lines were pure embryonal carcinomas. On the other hand, the NEC14 and ITO-II cell lines showed morphological differentiation from embryonal carcinoma cells to trophoblastic cells and to yolk sac tumor cells in vitro. In nude mice, these cell lines formed mixed tumors which consisted of embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, immature teratoma or trophoblastic cells. Our data suggest that some embryonal carcinomas have multipotentiality of morphological differentiation but that others have little such potentiality.