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Kawasaki disease: Surgical treatment

Fabio B Navarro1, Leonardo Mulinari2

  • 1Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hospital Pequeno Principe, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.

Journal of Cardiac Surgery
|October 2, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a vasculitis affecting arteries, particularly in children, leading to acquired heart disease. Its causes remain unclear, often necessitating late-stage cardiac surgeries like bypass grafting or transplantation.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Kawasaki disease (KD) is a leading cause of acquired heart disease in children.
  • It involves systemic vasculitis affecting small to medium-sized arteries, with a predilection for coronary arteries.
  • The exact etiopathogenesis of KD remains incompletely understood despite extensive research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the current understanding of Kawasaki disease.
  • To highlight the impact of KD on pediatric cardiovascular health.
  • To outline the long-term surgical interventions required for KD complications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Kawasaki disease.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data on acquired heart disease in children.
  • Compilation of information on late-stage surgical management of KD.

Main Results:

  • KD is a significant cause of acquired heart disease in pediatric populations.
  • Coronary artery involvement is a hallmark of the disease.
  • Late follow-up often requires major cardiac surgical procedures.

Conclusions:

  • Kawasaki disease presents a substantial challenge in pediatric cardiology.
  • Further research into KD etiopathogenesis is crucial for improved treatment strategies.
  • Surgical interventions are frequently necessary for managing severe KD sequelae, including coronary artery bypass grafting and cardiac transplantation.

Keywords:
Kawasaki disease

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