Killing softly: a roadmap of Botrytis cinerea pathogenicity

Area of Science:

• Plant pathology
• Microbial pathogenesis
• Molecular plant-microbe interactions

Background:

• Botrytis cinerea is a major necrotrophic plant pathogen causing gray mold disease in numerous crops.
• Historically, enzyme and toxin secretion was thought to be the primary infection mechanism.
• Recent research reveals a sophisticated pathogenicity toolbox and complex interactions during infection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current models of Botrytis cinerea infection.
• To identify knowledge gaps in understanding B. cinerea pathogenicity.
• To propose future research directions for developing B. cinerea-tolerant plants.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of B. cinerea infection mechanisms.
• Analysis of B. cinerea pathogenicity factors.
• Examination of plant immune responses to B. cinerea.

Main Results:

• B. cinerea employs a multilayered infection strategy beyond simple enzyme/toxin secretion.
• Plant immune responses, particularly pattern-triggered immunity, can limit disease progression.
• No plant species exhibits complete resistance, but tolerance is achievable.

Conclusions:

• Understanding the intricate B. cinerea infection process is crucial for disease management.
• Targeting B. cinerea pathogenicity factors and enhancing plant immunity offers potential for crop protection.
• Further research is needed to fully elucidate B. cinerea-plant interactions and develop resistant cultivars.