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Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
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Short-term neurodevelopment and growth outcomes of very and moderate preterm Indian infants

Sindhu Sivanandan1,2, Shuchita Gupta1,3, Tanushree Sahoo1,4

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India.

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association
|October 2, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Very and moderate preterm infants (VMPT) show significantly higher rates of major neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) and growth failure by 18 months compared to term infants. These outcomes highlight critical developmental challenges for VMPT populations.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Preterm birth is a significant global health concern.
  • Infants born very and moderately preterm (VMPT) face increased risks for adverse neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes.
  • Early identification and intervention are crucial for improving long-term health trajectories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the neurodevelopmental outcomes and growth of very and moderate preterm infants (VMPT) with term appropriate-for-age (term AGA) infants at 18 months corrected age.
  • To identify specific risk factors associated with neurodevelopmental impairment in VMPT infants.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study design was employed.
  • 212 VMPT infants and 250 term AGA infants were enrolled.
  • Neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) and growth parameters were assessed at 18 months corrected age.

Main Results:

  • The frequency of major NDI was significantly higher in VMPT infants (12.8%) compared to term AGA infants (2.5%).
  • Infants born before 28 weeks gestation or with birthweight <1000 grams had substantially higher rates of NDI.
  • VMPT infants also exhibited a greater prevalence of wasting and stunting.

Conclusions:

  • VMPT infants experience a higher burden of major neurodevelopmental impairment and growth failure at 18 months.
  • These findings underscore the need for targeted follow-up and support for preterm infants.
  • Early intervention strategies may mitigate long-term adverse outcomes in this vulnerable population.
Abstract

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