Perigeniculate Giant Cell Tumor of Temporal Bone

Area of Science:

• Neurosurgery
• Oncology
• Otolaryngology

Background:

• Giant cell tumors of bone (GCTBs) are typically benign but can cause significant issues when located near critical structures.
• Temporal bone GCTBs pose surgical challenges due to proximity to the facial nerve and inner ear structures.
• Surgical management often involves balancing complete tumor removal with the preservation of neurological function.

Observation:

• A 28-year-old female presented with progressive facial paresis, otalgia, neck pain, imbalance, and hearing loss.
• Imaging revealed a mass involving the geniculate ganglion and extending into the labyrinthine segment and vestibule of the temporal bone.
• The tumor was closely associated with the facial nerve but did not appear to originate from it.

Findings:

• Gross-total resection of the temporal bone GCTB was successfully achieved.
• Facial nerve function was preserved post-operatively.
• Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of Giant Cell Tumor of Bone.

Implications:

• This case demonstrates that complete resection of temporal bone GCTBs is feasible, even with extensive involvement.
• Preservation of facial nerve function is achievable through careful surgical dissection.
• Early diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial for managing GCTBs in this delicate anatomical region.