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Recurrent small for gestational age birth: perinatal risks and outcomes.

H M Wolfe, T L Gross, R J Sokol

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

|August 1, 1987

Summary

Having one or two previous small for gestational age (SGA) births significantly increases the risk of recurrent SGA. Identifying underlying maternal conditions is crucial for managing recurrent SGA risks.

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Area of Science:

Obstetrics and Gynecology
Perinatal Medicine
Reproductive Health

Background:

Small for gestational age (SGA) birth is a significant concern in perinatal medicine.
Understanding the risk factors and characteristics associated with recurrent SGA is vital for improving neonatal outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine the risk of recurrent small for gestational age (SGA) birth.
To identify maternal and fetal-neonatal characteristics linked to SGA recurrence.

Main Methods:

A cohort study involving 174 mothers of consecutively delivered SGA infants.
Follow-up through an additional 240 livebirths to assess recurrence.

Main Results:

A twofold and fourfold increase in SGA risk was observed after one and two prior SGA births, respectively.

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While an intervening average for gestational age birth reduced recurrence risk, the risk remained elevated compared to the general population.

Individual perinatal factors did not predict recurrence, but grouped variables suggested associations with maternal conditions like chronic hypertension and substance use.

Conclusions:

Recurrent small for gestational age birth indicates a need to investigate persistent underlying maternal diseases.
Early identification and management of maternal conditions can potentially mitigate risks associated with recurrent SGA.