Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 26, 2025

Humanized NOG Mice for Intravaginal HIV Exposure and Treatment of HIV Infection
08:15

Humanized NOG Mice for Intravaginal HIV Exposure and Treatment of HIV Infection

Published on: January 31, 2020

8.7K

Transmission of anelloviruses to HIV-1 infected children

Joanna Kaczorowska1,2, Aurelija Cicilionytė1,2, Annet Firouzi Wahdaty1,2

  • 1Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|October 3, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Anelloviruses (AVs) are common human viruses. This study suggests AVs may transmit from mothers to children through routes other than delivery or breastfeeding, even without natural birth or nursing.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Human Microbiome
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Anelloviruses (AVs) are ubiquitous viruses infecting humans early in life.
  • The transmission routes of AVs remain largely unknown, with mother-to-child transmission (e.g., via breastfeeding) being a suspected pathway.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate potential mother-to-child transmission of Anelloviruses (AVs) in cases excluding natural birth and breastfeeding.
  • To analyze the similarity of anellomes between HIV-1-positive mothers and their children.

Main Methods:

  • Serum samples from five HIV-1-positive mother and child pairs were analyzed using Illumina sequencing.
  • Sequencing reads were mapped to the "Anellometrix" database, which contains 502 distinct ORF1 sequences of AV lineages.

Main Results:

  • While most AV lineages were not shared between mothers and children, a significant similarity was observed in their anellomes.
  • This suggests a potential transmission of AVs from mothers to children.

Conclusions:

  • Anelloviruses may be transmitted from mothers to children via routes independent of delivery or breastfeeding.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate these alternative transmission pathways.

Keywords:
anellomeanelloviridaeanellovirusearly-life infectionsmother-to-child transmissionvirome

More Related Videos

Highly Sensitive Assay for Measurement of Arenavirus-cell Attachment08:34

Highly Sensitive Assay for Measurement of Arenavirus-cell Attachment

Published on: March 2, 2016

9.6K
Generation of Recombinant Arenavirus for Vaccine Development in FDA-Approved Vero Cells10:03

Generation of Recombinant Arenavirus for Vaccine Development in FDA-Approved Vero Cells

Published on: August 1, 2013

17.1K

Related Concept Videos

Retroviruses02:33

Retroviruses

Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
12.6K
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
401
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
46.5K
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
5.3K