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Epidemiological characteristics and molecular evolution mechanisms of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella

Yu-Ling Han1,2, Xu-Hui Wen1,2, Wen Zhao1

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|October 3, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-hvKP) poses a significant global health threat. This review explores the evolution and spread of CR-hvKP, highlighting its resistance and virulence mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-hvKP) combines hypervirulence and carbapenem resistance.
  • CR-hvKP causes severe hospital- and community-acquired infections, leading to high morbidity and mortality.
  • This pathogen presents a major challenge to global public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolutionary mechanisms driving the emergence of CR-hvKP.
  • To summarize the genetic basis of carbapenem resistance and hypervirulence.
  • To discuss the prevalence and public health impact of CR-hvKP.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on Klebsiella pneumoniae evolution.
  • Analysis of genetic mechanisms for carbapenem resistance.
  • Examination of plasmid-mediated virulence factors.

Main Results:

  • CR-hvKP evolves through horizontal gene transfer of resistance and virulence genes.
  • Acquisition of hybrid plasmids carrying both resistance and virulence genes is a key evolutionary pathway.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for combating CR-hvKP.

Conclusions:

  • The evolution of CR-hvKP is driven by the acquisition of resistance and virulence genes via plasmids.
  • CR-hvKP represents a significant and growing threat in infectious disease landscapes.
  • Further research into CR-hvKP evolution and control strategies is warranted.
Keywords:
Klebsiella pneumoniaecarbapenem-resistantevolutionhybrid plasmidhypervirulent

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