Glycine neurotransmission: Its role in development
1Departamento de Neurodesarrollo y Fisiología, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Mexico.
Frontiers in Neuroscience
|October 3, 2022
Summary
Glycine plays a crucial role in central nervous system (CNS) development, regulating cell growth and fate. Its activity balances excitatory and inhibitory signals, offering insights into cognitive disorders and brain repair.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Biology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Central nervous system (CNS) development relies on genetic programs and external signals.
- Neurotransmitters regulate neuronal and glial cell proliferation, survival, and cell-fate.
- Ligand-gated ionic channel receptors function before synapse establishment, suggesting early neurotransmitter roles.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the function of glycine during CNS development.
- To present evidence for glycine's role in regulating morphogenetic events.
- To emphasize glycine's impact on the balance of excitatory and inhibitory signals during development.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on glycine's role in neurodevelopment.
- Analysis of evidence regarding glycine transporters and receptors.
- Examination of glycinergic activity in the context of developmental signaling.
Main Results:
- Glycine regulates morphogenetic events through its transporters and receptors.
- Glycinergic activity is critical for balancing excitatory and inhibitory signaling during development.
- Early neurotransmitter function, including glycine's, is essential for CNS ontogenesis.
Conclusions:
- Glycine is a key regulator of CNS development, influencing cell fate and morphogenetic processes.
- Understanding glycine's developmental roles can elucidate the etiology of cognitive dysfunctions.
- Glycine's mechanisms offer potential targets for improving brain repair strategies.
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