Interventional Radiology Management of Adult Liver Transplant Complications.

Area of Science:

• Interventional Radiology
• Hepatology
• Transplant Surgery

Background:

• Liver transplantation is the primary treatment for end-stage liver disease.
• Post-transplant complications, particularly vascular and biliary issues, impact patient outcomes.
• Advances in interventional radiology have improved management of these complications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of interventional radiology in managing post-liver transplant complications.
• To highlight endovascular and percutaneous techniques for vascular and biliary issues.
• To discuss emerging techniques and their impact on transplant outcomes.

Main Methods:

• Review of endovascular treatments for hepatic artery stenosis, fistula, pseudoaneurysm, and thrombosis.
• Discussion of venoplasty and stenting for portal vein and hepatic venous outflow stenosis.
• Overview of percutaneous transhepatic interventions for biliary complications.
• Inclusion of newer techniques like transsplenic portal vein recanalization and TIPS.

Main Results:

• Angioplasty and stenting are effective for hepatic artery and venous stenosis.
• Endovascular techniques can manage certain hepatic artery and portal vein pathologies.
• Percutaneous interventions are crucial for complex biliary complications.
• Newer techniques expand treatment options for challenging cases.

Conclusions:

• Interventional radiology plays a vital role in optimizing liver transplant outcomes.
• Endovascular and percutaneous interventions provide effective management for diverse post-transplant complications.
• Ongoing innovation in interventional techniques continues to enhance patient care and transplant success.