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[The second cofactor of heparin].

P Sie

    Annales De Biologie Clinique
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    Heparin cofactor II (HC II) is a plasma protein distinct from antithrombin III. HC II may be a potential target for novel antithrombotic drugs due to its role in inhibiting thrombin, especially with dermatan sulfate.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Hematology
    • Pharmacology

    Context:

    • Heparin cofactor II (HC II) is a plasma protein with thrombin inhibitory properties.
    • HC II is immunologically and physicochemically distinct from antithrombin III (AT III).
    • Its specificities for proteases and glycosaminoglycans differ from AT III.

    Purpose:

    • To delineate the distinct characteristics and functions of Heparin cofactor II.
    • To explore the potential physiological roles and therapeutic applications of HC II.
    • To compare HC II with AT III regarding their anticoagulant mechanisms.

    Summary:

    • HC II potently inhibits thrombin, chymotrypsin, and related enzymes, with its activity significantly enhanced by dermatan sulfate and pentosan sulfate, but not heparin sulfate.
    • Unlike AT III, HC II's physiological role remains largely unknown, though it may be confined to dermatan sulfate-rich areas and involved in inhibiting tissue proteases.
    • While HC II deficiency is linked to thrombosis, clinical data are scarce. Its metabolism mirrors AT III, but its anticoagulant effect is critically dependent on dermatan sulfate.

    Impact:

    • HC II's distinct anticoagulant properties and dependence on dermatan sulfate highlight its potential as a therapeutic target for developing new antithrombotic agents.
    • Understanding HC II's function could elucidate novel pathways in thrombosis and hemostasis.
    • Further research into HC II may reveal new strategies for managing thrombotic disorders.

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