We Need You Here! Predictors of Job Placement and Practice among New Mexico Family Medicine Residents

Primary health care (PHC) is essential for a well-functioning health system. Although PHC has been shown to have adverse effects on health outcomes, many barriers prevent adequate access, including a shortage of primary care physicians. In New Mexico, 32 of 33 counties are designed as primary care health professional shortage areas, and the state has a lower-than-average primary care provider density compared with other states. This study explored the predictors of job placement among New Mexican Family Medicine residents.

A retrospective cohort study design was used, which included a subset of data from The University of New Mexico (UNM) Family Medicine Residency Alumni Database and hard copy personnel files. The study's population consisted of the 260 graduates from the UNM Family Medicine Residency Program between 1998 and 2019. Analysis included simple and multiple logistic regression.

Results indicated that, consistently, approximately two-thirds of first practices are in New Mexico, whereas the percentage with a current practice in New Mexico decreases over time. Those born in New Mexico or who attended the UNM School of Medicine were more likely to have their first and current practice in New Mexico.

The results of this study provide further evidence that the relationship between place of birth and place of medical training are determining factors for both place of first and current practice. These results can inform practice, policy, and future research to address the pressing need for PHC in underserved and rural communities.